French labor law
simplified

A practical guide to French labour law for international companies.

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Reading time: 4 min

French labour law has a reputation for being complex, rigid and full of exceptions. In reality, the system is structured and predictable once you understand a few core principles. For international companies, the issue is rarely “we cannot comply”; it is “we do not want to build a full French HR and payroll infrastructure for one or two hires.”

That is exactly why an Employer of Record (EOR) in France such as Freeteam is useful. It allows you to hire employees in France compliantly while keeping your organisation lean and focused on growth.

This article provides a simplified, practical guide to French labour law, what you need to know as an international employer, what typically creates risk, and how to hire in France without getting stuck in administration.

The one principle that drives everything: employee vs contractor

In France, the legal system cares less about labels and more about reality.

  • Employees work under a relationship of subordination (direction, control, integration).
  • Contractors operate independently and provide services as a business.

If a contractor is managed like an employee, with a fixed schedule, exclusivity and tight supervision, French authorities can reclassify the relationship as employment. That can trigger back payments, penalties and disputes.

Simplified rule: if the role is long-term and integrated, treat it as employment (direct or EOR). If it is truly project-based and autonomous, keep it as independent contracting, carefully structured.

Employment contracts in France: what matters most

The default contract is permanent (CDI)

The CDI (open-ended contract) is the standard in France. It is not unusual or risky, it is simply the normal baseline.

Fixed-term contracts (CDD) are regulated

The CDD (fixed-term contract) is allowed only in specific cases, such as:

  • Temporary replacement
  • Temporary increase in activity
  • Certain specific project contexts defined by law

International companies sometimes use fixed-term contracts as a flexible hiring tool. In France, flexibility exists, but CDD usage is controlled, and incorrect use can be requalified into a CDI.

Contracts must align with the real job

A compliant French employment contract should clearly reflect:

  • The job scope and title
  • Working time arrangement
  • Location, including remote and hybrid policies
  • Salary structure, fixed and variable if applicable
  • Benefits and collective agreement reference where relevant
  • Notice periods and probation terms

French labour law is particularly sensitive to situations where the contract says one thing but day-to-day practice shows another.

Avoid costly mistakes when hiring in France

Employment law, payroll and HR compliance in France leave little room for improvisation. Get the right structure from day one.

Contact Freeteam

Working time: what international managers should know

France is known for the 35-hour reference week, but what matters is compliance with:

  • Maximum working time rules
  • Minimum rest periods
  • Overtime compensation and tracking
  • Special arrangements, for example “forfait jours” for certain manager profiles

Simplified takeaway: you can run high-performance teams in France, but you need clear working time expectations, realistic meeting schedules across time zones, and a model that remains compatible with French rules.

Leave and employee protections: not benefits, but rights

French employees have strong statutory rights, including:

  • Paid vacation: minimum five weeks per year
  • Sick leave rules connected to social security and employer coverage mechanisms
  • Maternity and paternity leave frameworks
  • Public holidays, with sector rules

These protections are not extra perks. They are part of the legal structure. For international companies, it is best to plan for them upfront rather than discovering them mid-year.

Payroll: the compliance engine behind French labour law

Payroll in France is not simply paying a salary. It involves:

  • Detailed payslips with mandatory line items
  • Social contributions, employer and employee
  • Monthly declarations (DSN)
  • Income tax withholding (PAS), where applicable
  • Benefits administration and reporting

This is why foreign companies often do not want to manage payroll directly for a small team. Payroll is where compliance is executed month after month.

Using a France payroll provider or an Employer of Record in France is less about convenience and more about ensuring payroll remains consistently compliant without building internal payroll expertise immediately.

Termination: structured, formal and document-driven

If your HQ is used to at-will employment, France will feel different.

Termination in France is:

  • Formal
  • Procedural
  • Heavily documented

There are different pathways, including dismissal for personal reasons, economic reasons, and mutual termination (rupture conventionnelle). All require correct steps, timelines and documentation.

Simplified takeaway: if you hire in France, assume termination is not instant. It must be planned and handled properly. That is another reason international companies like EOR: local HR discipline is embedded in the model.

How Freeteam (EOR) makes French labour law manageable

Freeteam’s EOR model helps international companies by translating French labour law into a predictable, operational structure.

With Freeteam as your Employer of Record in France:

  • Freeteam signs the French employment contract and ensures it fits legal requirements.
  • Freeteam manages payroll, social contributions and required declarations.
  • Freeteam supports HR administration, including leave tracking, sick leave processes and benefits handling.
  • You manage day-to-day work, including role, objectives, integration, feedback and performance.

You get compliant French employment without opening a local entity too early and without becoming a French labour law expert internally.

Conclusion: France is structured, not impossible

French labour law is detailed, but it is not a barrier if you approach it with the right model. For international companies, the most effective way to operate in France is usually to:

  • Understand the basics: contract types, working time, leave, payroll and termination
  • Avoid improvisation, especially on payroll and contracts
  • Use an Employer of Record in France like Freeteam to build a compliant foundation quickly

Once your market traction and team size justify it, you can consider opening a French entity. Until then, EOR gives you a clear, compliant and scalable way to hire in France, so you can focus on growth rather than administration.

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